Вертикальный насос с разъемным корпусом
What is a vertical split case pump?
A vertical split case pump is a unique form of centrifugal pump featuring a vertically split casing with removable cover plates on the ends. The split casing design allows for easy disassembly of the rotor group without disturbing the pump alignment or the suction and discharge pipework, saving time during serving or maintenance of the pump’s internal components. The Vertical split case pump manufacturers mainly design the device for vertical installation to save on floor space. Vertical split case pumps are ideal for transporting raw, pure, or service water in the process industry, irrigation farmlands, водоочистные сооружения, power stations, and the sugar industry. They provide excellent performance metrics with a maximum pressure head of up to 200 метров, a pump capacity of 5000 кубометров в час, and a maximum working temperature of 70 градусов Цельсия. Vertical split case pumps are available in various configurations and construction materials, such as cast Iron, литая сталь, ductile Iron, и т. д..
Фигура: Vertical split case pump
Components of a vertical split case pump
Электродвигатель
Электродвигатель является источником энергии для насоса.. В общем, an electric motor has two main types: переменный ток (переменный ток) and direct current (ОКРУГ КОЛУМБИЯ) моторы. The vertical split case pump mainly utilizes an alternating current engine, либо однофазный, либо трехфазный асинхронный двигатель.
Корпус
The vertical split pump has a vertically split with a double volute to help reduce radial bearing loads. The purpose of the pump casing is to house the rotor assembly (то есть, the shaft, рабочее колесо, shaft sleeves, and bearing housing) and carry the suction and discharge ports. Кроме того, the pump casing contains water pressure and prevents the liquid from leaking as it flows through the pump.
Фигура: Vertically split pump casing.
Связь
Vertical split case pump manufacturers fit a long coupling between the motor and the pump head. The coupling connects the motor’s driver shaft with the rotating pump shaft, ensuring the transfer of mechanical torque to the pump head with minimal losses. The long coupling design allows easy pump maintenance due to the quick access to the pump head without removing the motor. It also provides ample space between the pump and motor, which helps to protect the motor from fluid ingress in the case of seal failure.
Вал
The shaft is a rotary mechanical component supported on bearings and usually coupled with the prime mover. Its primary purpose is to carry the impeller. Vertical split case pump manufacturers create the shaft from high-grade materials such as stainless steel and alloy steel to withstand corrosion and vibrations during pump operation.
Рабочее колесо
The impeller is the main rotary component in a vertical split case pump. It is created with a series of backward-curved vanes. It imparts kinetic energy and fluid pressure to water to flow through the pump and piping network. An impeller can be either open type impeller, which has no covers, or a closed-type impeller, which has shrouds on either side to strengthen the impeller. The vertical split case pump employs the closed-type impeller with either a single-suction or double-suction configurations
Фигура: Pump impellers; а) single-suction design and b) конструкция с двойным всасыванием.
Подшипники
The bearings support the pump shaft or the rotor assembly and align them correctly with the fixed ends under radial and axial forces. Дальше, the bearings also contain the rotor’s relative motion and minimize the friction between the rotating shaft and the stator.
How does a vertical split case pump work?
A vertical split case pump converts the mechanical energy of an impeller into the kinetic energy of water and then pressure energy to move it through the pumping systems. Когда запускается электродвигатель, the mechanical torque output is transferred to the impeller via the pump shaft and the coupling. Когда крыльчатка вращается, a void is created inside the pump, позволяя перекачиваемой жидкости течь в корпус насоса и к проушине рабочего колеса за счет внешнего атмосферного давления. Пока крыльчатка вращается, больше жидкости попадает в корпус насоса, а центробежная сила, действующая на лопатки рабочего колеса, заставляет перекачиваемую жидкость двигаться радиально наружу., от центра вращения рабочего колеса, с высокой тангенциальной скоростью. Закрученный поток на выходе из рабочего колеса затем поступает в диффузор., where the high flow velocity decreases due to the gradually enlarging flow path, leading to the conversion of kinetic energy into static pressure. Окончательно, the water discharges from the vertical split case pump at elevated pressure and flows to the desired location through the discharge port and delivery pipe connections.
Фигура: Working of a vertical split case pump.
Types of vertical split case pumps
Single-suction vertical split case pump
A single-suction vertical split case pump consists of a single-suction impeller that draws water through a single inlet. По сути, the whole volume of water flowing through the pump inlet enters the impeller blades only through one side. Центробежный эффект создает давление жидкости, поскольку лопасти вытесняют жидкость через насос.. It has a robust design and can cost half the price of a comparable double-suction pump.
Фигура: Single-suction vertical split case pump.
Double suction vertical split case pump
A double-suction vertical split case pump features a double-suction impeller with two impeller eyes to admit water from both sides of the blades. The double-suction impeller splits the flow inside the pump, sending half of the flow through either eyes or inlets of the impeller. It has several benefits, such as lower axial thrust and excellent Net Positive Suction Head (NPSH). The doubles suction vertical split case pump can manage higher flow rates and has a longer service life rate than its single-suction counterpart.
Фигура: Double-suction vertical split case pump
Applications of vertical split case pumps
The vertical split case pumps are extensively used to pump water in various applications, such as agriculture, добыча, firefighting equipment, городские очистные сооружения, power stations, обезвоживание, морской, and cooling/heating conditioning. They are used to do the following:
- Vertical split case pumps are used to move water at high flow rates and low to medium pressure in residential and industrial water supply systems.
- Используются в качестве повысительных насосов на насосных станциях..
- They are used to support fire protection equipment.
- They are also used in air conditioning systems to supply heating or cooling water.
- They are used to provide water to the sprinklers for irrigation and agricultural farmlands.
- They are used in construction applications to building supply water.
Advantages of a vertical split case pump
- A vertical split case pump is easy to maintain due to the long coupling between the electric motor and the pump head. The pump head can be accessed without removing the motor.
- They are highly reliable and energy efficient.
- They also save repair/servicing time. The split casing design allows for quick disassembly of the rotor assembly without interfering with the pump alignment.
- The split casing design also helps increase the suction performance and balance the hydraulic axial forces. The balanced axial thrust leads to increased bearing life.
- Vertical split case pumps occupy small floor space due to the vertical orientation.
- A vertical split case pump is more robust and fit for continuous use because the additional bearing assembly in the pump head relieves a significant level of strain from the motor during operation.
- Vertical split case pumps have independent motors and pump shafts, which means that only one will need to be replaced if damaged.
- Vertical split case pumps with double suction impellers can manage higher flow rates.
- They employ a long coupling, which provides adequate space between the motor and the pump head, preventing the pumped fluid from getting into the engine when mechanical seals fail.
Disadvantages of a vertical split case pump
- Vertical split case pumps cannot handle liquids with suspended solids and highly viscous fluids.
- Since they are vertical, the weight of the pump falls below the volute leading to stress concentration.
- Vertical split case pumps have a limited drive option because they can only be coupled to an electric motor.
- They require ample headroom for installations and maintenance.
Troubleshooting a vertical split case pump
Мотор не работает
- Сработал автоматический выключатель или перегорел предохранитель.. Осмотрите и при необходимости перезапустите автоматический выключатель.. Осмотрите насос на наличие перегоревшего предохранителя и замените его..
- Имеется разрыв цепи по тепловой перегрузке. Allow the vertical split case pump to cool, закрыть любую разомкнутую цепь, and restart it.
- Двигатель неисправен. Осмотрите и замените двигатель, если это необходимо.
- Мотор плохо установлен. Ensure the pump is installed to the vertical split case pump manufacturers’ standards.
The pump’s discharge is low
- Рабочее колесо или обратный клапан забиты. Осмотрите и устраните засоры в клапане или рабочем колесе..
- Насос работает в обратном направлении. Ensure that the motor rotates in the direction indicated by the vertical split case pump manufacturer using the arrow on the pump casing. Обязательно поменяйте полярность двигателя..
- Мономерный напор недостаточен из-за высоких потерь на трение, которые превышают конструкцию насоса.. Увеличить мощность насоса. Ensure the pipes used in the piping network meet the diameter recommended by the vertical split case pump manufacturer.
- В насосе или всасывающем трубопроводе есть воздух. Обязательно заполните насос или трубопроводную сеть водой, чтобы вытеснить воздух..
Привод насоса перегружен
- Скорость насоса слишком высока. Ensure the pump operates within the speed range specified by the vertical split case pump manufacturer.
- Некоторые детали насоса испытывают сильное механическое трение.. Осмотрите узел насоса на наличие отклонений или препятствий и устраните их..
- Неисправный двигатель насоса. Inspect the engine for defects and repair or replace it if necessary.
Уровень шума слишком высок
- Some foreign materials are present in the vertical split case pump. Разобрать насос и очистить его.
- Рабочее колесо повреждено или изношено. Осмотрите и замените рабочее колесо.
- Насос, работающий в условиях кавитации. Убедитесь, что клапаны линии всасывания полностью открыты..
- Монтажная пластина и фундамент не имеют достаточной жесткости.. Укрепить фундамент, and mount the vertical split case pump tightly.
- Насос работает за пределами рабочего диапазона. Ensure the correct duty range according to the vertical split case pump manufacturer’s guide.
Насос испытывает чрезмерную вибрацию
- Рабочее колесо насоса частично забито. Осмотрите и очистите рабочее колесо.
- Вал насоса наклонен или несбалансирован. Осмотрите вал, перебалансируйте его по мере необходимости, или замените его.
- Некоторые компоненты насоса свободно закреплены в корпусе насоса.. Tighten any loose parts to the torque level recommended by the vertical split case pump manufacturer.
- Some of the vertical split case pump’s components are unbalanced. Inspect and rebalance the parts if necessary.
Краткое содержание
A vertical split case pump is a particular model of a centrifugal pump with a vertically split casing and either single suction or double suction impeller. The split casing design, together with a long coupling between the motor and pump head, allows for faster disassembly and servicing of the pump’s internal components. The vertical split case pump manufacturers usually design these units for vertical installation, which helps to save floor space significantly. Vertical split case pumps mainly suit the transportation of low-viscosity fluids, such as freshwater, seawater, and service water. They are evident in various residential, коммерческий, and industrial applications, such as irrigation farmlands, добыча, firefighting equipment, городские очистные сооружения, and power stations. The benefits of vertical split case pumps include easy maintenance, компактный дизайн, and high efficiency and reliability. Since they have independent motor and pump shafts, only one shaft will need to be replaced if damaged. Vertical split case pumps are available in different designs and construction materials to meet various application demands.