Погружной шламовый насос
What is a submersible sludge slurry pump?
A submersible sludge slurry pump is a type of Pump that can be fully submerged in liquid and is ideal for pumping both sludge and slurry. Sludge and slurry are fluids containing high amounts of solid content. Однако, sludge is softer and thicker, while the slurry is less viscous. Since the Pump operates in the liquid, the motor is enclosed in air-tight and liquid-tight seals and is close-coupled to the Pump’s body. A submersible sludge slurry pump pushes liquid to the surface by converting electrical energy supplied by a motor into kinetic energy of the fluid. The kinetic energy is then converted to pressure energy, which generates the flow of the sludge or slurry through the Pump. It performs well in pumping thick mud, clay, wastewater, worst slurry, and similar materials. A submersible sludge slurry pump manufacturers also this pump to transfer abrasive solids as large as 2.5-inches and manage flow rates as high as thousands of liters per second.
Фигура: Showing a submersible sludge slurry pump
Submersible sludge slurry pump manufacturers design the pump for high reliability, ease of use, and maintenance. Their unique sealing system and modular design enhance the pumps’ flexibility. They are also available in multiple configurations, sizes, and pump capacities to fit various application requirements. Submersible sludge slurry pumps find uses in many industries, в том числе очистные сооружения, химические вещества, масло, mill sumps, residual ponds, и многое другое.
Components of a submersible sludge slurry pump
Pump housing (кожух)
The pump housing is usually made of cast iron and insulated to protect the electrical and working parts of the unit. The pump housing contains the impeller and features the intake and discharge sections. It also includes the volute chamber, который помогает с преобразованием кинетической энергии в напор. The submersible sludge slurry pump manufacturers usually split the casing in the horizontal plane for easier dismantling and removal of the entire impeller. The two parts are held together using bolts and location pins.
Корпус насоса имеет два типа.: спиральный и рассеивающий кожух. The volute casing consists of a spiral design in which the passage of the liquid increases gradually all around the casing’s circumference. A diffusing container is circular and contains several guide blades surrounding the impeller in the pump assembly.
Мотор
The electric motor mainly used with submersible sludge slurry pump is a two-pole, трехфазный асинхронный двигатель с короткозамкнутым ротором. The motor is the source of the mechanical power to run the Pump. The motor is also hermetically sealed to keep water from entering the motor. This motor is designed to operate at various currents and voltages.
Рабочее колесо
The impeller is the central rotating part of the Pump whose purpose is to provide the centrifugal force to displace the fluid through the Pump. It is designed with blades that help increase the liquid’s speed. Pump impellers are manufactured from close-grained cast iron or cast steel. Количество рабочих колес в насосе равно количеству ступеней насоса.. Submersible sludge slurry pump manufacturers classify impellers based on the constructional geometry, flow direction, and the suction type.
Вал
Целью вала является передача механических крутящих моментов от двигателя к рабочему колесу во время работы насоса.. Вал насоса обычно соединен с электродвигателем.. Submersible sludge slurry pump manufacturers use stainless steel and carbon steel to make pump shafts to enhance the shafts’ ability to overcome heavy loads and vibrations during the pump operation.
Подшипники
The bearings carry the shaft and the impeller and ensure they align correctly with the fixed ends under radial and axial forces. Approaches also reduce the friction between the rotating shaft and the stator and contain the relative motion of the rotor assembly.
Intake section/ gas separator
The intake section is the suction manifold, supplying the pumping fluid to the impeller’s eye. Application with low bottom pressure may contain a significant amount of gases that can damage the Pump. В таких приложениях, the intake section is replaced with a gas separator which separates gas from the fluid when it enters the Pump.
Electric cable
A Submersible sludge slurry pump receives power through an electric cable. The cable consists of a range of conductors that help to meet the motor requirement. It may be galvanized to overcome extreme underwater conditions.
Обратные и выпускные клапаны
The purpose of the check is to maintain an entire column of water above the Pump. Без этого, fluid from the tubing would flow through the Pump when the motor stops. The bleeder valve is installed immediately above the check valve, and it helps to prevent pulling wet tubing.
How does a submersible sludge slurry pump work?
When the Pump is started, the motor rotates the shaft and the impeller at a very high RPM. Когда крыльчатка вращается, it displaces the liquid inside the Pump, creating a vacuum at the center of the impeller. This vacuum causes more and more liquid to be sucked into the Pump when the Pump is running. Пока крыльчатка вращается, жидкость будет непрерывно всасываться для транспортировки. The liquid in the pump casing rotates with the impeller. Because of the centrifugal force acting on the impeller, the fluid is pushed from the center of the impeller to the outer edges. It finally enters the volute casing at a very high kinetic energy and fluid velocity. В спиральном корпусе, скорость жидкости медленно уменьшается из-за постепенно расширяющегося пути потока, и часть кинетической энергии преобразуется в энергию статического давления. После выхода из спирального корпуса, the fluid enters the discharge pipe at very high pressure, allowing it to be moved to where it is required.
Фигура: Showing a submersible sludge slurry pump
Types of submersible sludge slurry pump
Centrifugal submersible sludge slurry pump
The centrifugal submersible sludge slurry pump uses a rotating impeller to move fluid and is mainly designed for slurry at concentrations not exceeding seventy percent solid by weight. They also come in vertical or horizontal configurations.
Фигура: Showing a centrifugal submersible sludge slurry pump.
Positive displacement submersible sludge slurry pump
The positive displacement type of submersible sludge slurry pump uses a reciprocating piston or rotary screw to move and transfer the liquid. They are perfect for slurry and sludge with higher concentrations of solid material.
Multistage submersible sludge slurry pump
A submersible sludge slurry pump of multistage type comprises more than two impellers in different chambers arranged in series. This pump is powerful since the output pressure energy increases with the number of impellers used. В качестве таких, it can work on applications that need more pressure energy. Однако, its cost is higher relative to pumps with one impeller. Также, its repair and maintenance becomes more complicated due to the impellers used.
Фигура: Multistage submersible sludge slurry pump.
Applications of a submersible sludge slurry pump
Submersible sludge slurry pump manufacturers design this pump for use in wastewater treatment plants, химический, oil mining, сельское хозяйство, строительство, and many other industrial applications where the liquid contains a high percentage of solid content. Типичное использование включает:
- They are used for sludge and slurry transfer.
- They are used in the drilling operation of boreholes to raise liquids to the surface
- They are used in irrigation systems.
- They are used for handling seawater.
- They are used for pumping abrasive liquids.
- They are used for general slurry and sludge duties.
- They are used in harbor construction.
- Submersible slurry and sludge pumps apply in coal runoff sumps.
- They are used for silt removal, ash transfer, and barge, and tank cleanout.
Advantages of a submersible sludge slurry pump
- A submersible sludge slurry pump operation is not subject to cavitation.
- It is convenient and easy to use.
- It is very efficient and energy-saving.
- It can handle slid content without any pump damage.
- They are submersible and, следовательно, more effective than suction pumps because they utilize direct pressure to move fluid.
- The hermetically sealed design allows the pump to keep fluid from the mechanical parts of the unit, which ensure the Pump operates without short-circuiting.
- The use of direct pressure to push fluid through the unit also makes the Pump more effective in moving liquids over extended distances.
- Submersible sludge slurry pumps are self-priming; hence it doesn’t require any preparation before starting up.
- They are resistant to corrosion and abrasive wear due to high strength materials used to make the impellers and casing.
- They are designed with sensors that notifies the user when there are mechanical or electrical problem in the pump.
Disadvantages of a submersible sludge slurry pump
- A submersible sludge slurry pump may overheat if not fully submerged.
- Wear and tear of the seal, which is hard to notice in the underwater environment, may occur, causing leakage or damaging the pump internals. Pump leakage may cause severe motor corrosion and failure.
- It has higher upfront costs than its non-submersible counterparts because it is more technical.
Troubleshooting a submersible sludge slurry pump
The motor is not running
- Сработал автоматический выключатель или перегорел предохранитель. Сбросьте автоматический выключатель, если необходимо. Inspect the Pump for a blown fuse and replace it.
- Осмотрите основную панель ввода. Нет питания для управления панелью. Check that the power cables are connected per the submersible sludge slurry pump manufacturer’s guide.
- Heavy sediments around the Pump. Inspect the Pump for build-up and clean it.
- Кабели насоса оборваны. Inspect and change the lines if necessary
Мотор перегревается
- Двигатель неисправен. Осмотрите и замените двигатель, если это необходимо
- Мотор плохо установлен. Ensure the Pump is established based on the submersible sludge slurry pump manufacturer’s recommendation.
- A lightning strike or storm causes a voltage spike. Install external surge protection to avoid this problem
Low pump capacity
- The Pump is reversed. Обратная полярность накачки
- There is a blockage in the discharge pipe. Inspect and clear the discharge pipes from any backup.
- Корпус насоса или крыльчатка частично засорены.. Inspect and clean the pump inside.
Нулевой расход насоса
- Поменяйте полярность двигателя. The Pump is operating in reverse. Убедитесь, что направление вращения двигателя соответствует руководству производителя погружного шламового насоса..
- Выпускная труба заблокирована. Осмотрите и очистите выпускную трубу.
- Крыльчатка засорена. Очистите крыльчатку, чтобы устранить засоры..
Excessive pump vibration and noise
- Significant misalignment between the pump shaft and the engine shaft. Осмотрите и выровняйте валы
- Некоторые компоненты насоса не сбалансированы. Осмотр и повторная балансировка компонентов насоса
- Pump bearings or impeller is won out. Inspect the bearing and impeller for wear and replace them if necessary.
Насос обеспечивает нестабильный поток
- Есть утечка в нижнем клапане.. Осмотрите нижний клапан на наличие утечек и исправьте его..
- Напряжение слишком низкое, causing a decrease in pump speed. Проверьте напряжение питания и при необходимости отрегулируйте его..
- Severe wear of impeller or seal ring. Осмотрите и замените изношенное рабочее колесо или уплотнительное кольцо.
Резюме
A submersible sludge slurry pump is a pump that can be fully submerged in water and is ideal for pumping both sludge and slurry. It features a completely enclosed motor with air-tight and water-tight seals and is close-coupled to the Pump’s body. The Pump pushes water to the surface by converting electrical energy supplied to a motor into mechanical energy and then into kinetic energy of the fluid. Submersible sludge slurry pumps are commonly used in wastewater treatment plants, химический, oil mining, сельское хозяйство, строительство, and many other industrial applications where the water contains a high percentage of solid contents. They can pump abrasive fluids with sediment sizes of about 2.5-inches and manage high flow rates. Submersible sludge slurry pump manufacturers design them to offer high reliability, ease of use and maintenance, and cavitation-free operation. They are available in centrifugal, положительное смещение, and multistage types. The centrifugal type is the most common and may come in horizontal or vertical appearances.